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title: Lab20: GNU Toolchain
toc: no
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QEMU_STM32 + QEMU 操作
----------------------
- 假設 `Lab-19</embedded/Lab19>`_ 所使用 QEMU 的目錄已放在 workspace 目錄

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  cd workspace
  file qemu_stm32

- 取得 GDB Automation

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  git clone git://github.com/embedded2013/gdb-automation.git
  cd gdb-automation

- 開啟一個終端機，作以下輸入

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    make qemudbg

- 開啟另一個終端機，準備透過 gdb 來追蹤程式。下列 (gdb) 開頭的指令表示在 GDB 內部操作
- 使用 Ubuntu 64-bit 版本時，需要另外安裝 lib32ncurses5
  - sudo apt-get install lib32ncurses5

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    cd gdb-automation
    arm-none-eabi-gdb
    (gdb) file main.elf 
    Reading symbols from gdb-automation/main.elf...done.
    (gdb) b main
    Breakpoint 1 at 0x2206: file main.c, line 8.
    (gdb) target remote :3333
    Remote debugging using :3333
    Reset_Handler ()
        at libraries/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x/startup/gcc_ride7/startup_stm32f10x_md.s:67
    67	  movs	r1, #0
    (gdb) c
    Continuing.
    
    Breakpoint 1, main () at main.c:8
    8		RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);
    (gdb) list
    3	
    4	int main(void)
    5	{
    6		int last_button_state, new_button_state;
    7	
    8		RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);
    9		RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
    10						
    11		/* Configure PC.12 as output push-pull (LED) */
    12		GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOC,GPIO_Pin_12,Bit_SET);
    (gdb) b 23
    Breakpoint 2 at 0x2264: file main.c, line 23.
    (gdb) c
    Continuing.
    
    Breakpoint 2, main () at main.c:23
    23			new_button_state = GPIOA->IDR & 0x00000001;
    (gdb) n
    24			if(new_button_state ^ last_button_state) {
    (gdb) p new_button_state
    $1 = 0
    (gdb) info breakpoints 
    Num     Type           Disp Enb Address    What
    1       breakpoint     keep y   0x00002206 in main at main.c:8
    breakpoint already hit 1 time
    2       breakpoint     keep y   0x00002264 in main at main.c:23
    breakpoint already hit 1 time
    (gdb) del 2
    (gdb) watch GPIOC->ODR
    Hardware watchpoint 3: GPIOC->ODR
    (gdb) c
    Continuing.

- 在 QEMU monitor 內作以下輸入，試圖模擬按鈕的動作

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    sendkey b

- 隨後可發現 GDB 畫面出現變化：
 
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    Hardware watchpoint 3: GPIOC->ODR

    Old value = 4096
    New value = 0
    main () at main.c:29
    29			last_button_state = new_button_state;

- 事實上 GPIOC 是個 macro，可透過 GDB 驗證

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    (gdb) info macro GPIOC
    Defined at libraries/CMSIS/CM3/DeviceSupport/ST/STM32F10x/stm32f10x.h:1410
      included at Lab-2/demo/main.c:2
    #define GPIOC ((GPIO_TypeDef *) GPIOC_BASE)

GDB Automation
----------------------------
- 撰寫特別的 GDB script，使得 QEMU 能自動在 UART 畫面印出 "Hello!" 字樣。main.c 檔案的行數應該越少越好，處理動作最好全權交給 GDB
- 在 Makefile 新增 'gdbauto' 的 target，自動進行 QEMU + GDB + UART 輸出
  * 也就是預期執行 ``make gdbauto`` 之後，能呼叫 QEMU