版本 5c7ddc3797e7df904202756f3217b783d8c5fed8
Changes from 5c7ddc3797e7df904202756f3217b783d8c5fed8 to current
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title: Computer Architecture
toc: no
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- Instructor: [Jim Huang](/User/jserv) (黃敬群) `<jserv.tw@gmail.com>`
- Facebook Group: [https://www.facebook.com/groups/system.software2022/](https://www.facebook.com/groups/system.software2022/)
- Facebook Group: [https://www.facebook.com/groups/system.software2023/](https://www.facebook.com/groups/system.software2023)
- Policy
* Follow the classes: [CS 61C at UC Berkeley](https://cs61c.org/), [CS152/252: Computer Architecture](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs152/)
- Course grading
* Quiz (30%), Homework (30%), Final/Term Project (40%)
- **Schedule is tentative and subject to change!**
Computer Architecture (Fall 2022)
Computer Architecture (Fall 2023)
------------------------------------------------------
* Week 1 (Sep 6): Introduction / Online via [YouTube](https://youtu.be/kchwRBGRIHk)
- **[Course Introduction](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1RVjrp1bkVqVu-L9JF1QKfXw6tmdIyIEMxuWW5M-2Zpg/edit?usp=sharing)**
* Week 1 (Sep 5): Introduction
- **[Course Introduction](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1Syfz3hNJtNH1G8i_n-ThyzH7BbUZ2Rmk-GGvoe6KvwI/edit?usp=sharing)**
- [David Patterson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Patterson_(computer_scientist)): [A New Golden Age for Computer Architecture: History, Challenges and Opportunities](https://content.riscv.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/A-New-Golden-Age-for-Computer-Architecture-History-Challenges-and-Opportunities-David-Patterson-.pdf) / [video](https://youtu.be/uyc_pDBJotI)
* [Article](https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2019/2/234352-a-new-golden-age-for-computer-architecture/fulltext), [note](https://github.com/cristiean/notes/blob/4c4ceb291ba68c55659ab0d4571385c8cccacd21/a-new-golden-age-for-computer-architecture.md)
- David Patterson: [From Mainframe CPUs to Neural-Network TPUs and Open RISC-V](https://riscv.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Mon0915-RISC-V-50-Years-Computer-Arch.pdf) / [video](https://youtu.be/eH9_ygsio3I)
- [Great Ideas in Computer Architecture, Intro](https://drive.google.com/open?id=1Y4yUaw9vryZcdc4Xu0RQxHfqjVbeHJLF) / [video](https://youtu.be/u_hXH5-tbM4?t=263)
- [Number Representation](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/16NxuCn9wjjV9_WYqkdLGhYaxbmIhkhj0/edit?usp=sharing) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWmHvlFFfLI&list=PLDoI-XvXO0aqgoMQvogzmf7CKiSMSUS3M&index=4)
- [Floating Point](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/166v96_iwGaq_RWB6Y_Wg7DBA8sZciP21R7Gf0ZDXbMQ/edit?usp=sharing) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0apCExy6OTfkoaciJtfA8hir)
- [C Memory Management](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/14N0cWG2SnBSqhc2cLF0_2VerB9FF8JN3/edit?usp=sharing) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0aqxW0XGUcDl5r0m_eRU30C9)
* Week 2 (Sep 13): Quiz + RISC-V / Online via [YouTube](https://youtu.be/jsdPoMHs-4A)
- [Quiz1](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz1): C programming, bit-wise operations, number representation, floating-point / [Solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz1-sol)
- [Lab0: Web-based Emulators](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/SJ7ht_MuS)
* Week 2 (Sep 12): Quiz + RISC-V / online via [YouTube](https://youtube.com/live/YAdl6owYnZU)
- Announcement
* There is an online quiz from 10:50 AM to 11:59 AM.
* The first assignment, consisting of RISC-V assembly programming, will be given next week.
- [Quiz1](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz1): C programming, bit-wise operations, number representation, floating-point / [Solutions](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz1-sol)
- [RISC-V Instructions](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1qNVK8ULddo6luq0Rrjj_bmOShhcx9hlESN36AK91n6I/edit?usp=sharing)
* [The RISC-V Instruction Set Manual: Volume I: Unprivileged ISA](https://content.riscv.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/riscv-spec.pdf)
- [Intro to Assembly Language and RISC-V](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec06.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0aqsesqf46rxjtV2mkiwJOmr)
* Week 3 (Sep 20): RISC-V / Online via [YouTube](https://youtu.be/cvhacDLd6QU)
* Week 3 (Sep 19): RISC-V
- Announcement:
+ Quiz2 is scheduled on Sep 26
* [2022 Quiz2](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz2): RISC-V assembly and C programming / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz2-sol)
* [2021 Quiz2](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz2): RISC-V assembly and C programming / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz2-sol)
+ [Homework 1](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2023-arch-homework1) is out.
+ Code Review for [Homework 1](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2023-arch-homework1) on Oct 3
- Apple [A17 Pro](https://twitter.com/VadimYuryev/status/1702351628236718206)
* 19 billion transistors compared to 16 billion on the A16. [further reading](https://twitter.com/VadimYuryev/status/1702401409885544551)
* [graphics benchmark](https://twitter.com/VadimYuryev/status/1702505691314024646)
* [ARM1 (1985) vs. Apple M1 Max (2021)](https://twitter.com/kenshirriff/status/1450179024639049731)
* [Apple Announces M1 Pro & M1 Max: Giant New Arm SoCs with All-Out Performance](https://www.anandtech.com/show/17019/apple-announced-m1-pro-m1-max-giant-new-socs-with-allout-performance)
- [RISC-V Summit China 2023](https://riscv-summit-china.com/) / [slides](https://github.com/cnrv/RVSC2023)
- [Intro to Assembly Language and RISC-V](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec06.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0aqsesqf46rxjtV2mkiwJOmr)
* [RISC-V Assembly Programmer's Manual](https://github.com/riscv/riscv-asm-manual/blob/master/riscv-asm.md)
* [The RISC-V Instruction Set Manual: Volume I: Unprivileged ISA](https://content.riscv.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/riscv-spec.pdf)
- [RISC-V Data Transfer](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1JpRRi2eEbe-UqtvdZ_pK7CjcYJ6vk9e1/edit?usp=sharing) / [video](https://youtu.be/5hwH9ofpNzI)
- [RISC-V Decision Making](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1Pob0JPeMH8umHN4FYPc9ZuJ3ndsaDvuI/edit?usp=sharing)
- [Functions Calls with RISC-V](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec07.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0apCzwwwJGKn2p57tnhtSIIz)
- [Lab1: RV32I Simulator](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/H1TpVYMdB)
- Assignment: [Homework1: RISC-V Assembly and Instruction Pipeline](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2022-arch-homework1) (Due: Oct 10, 2022)
- [Lab0: Web-based Emulators](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/SJ7ht_MuS)
- [Lab1: RV32I Assembly](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/H1TpVYMdB)
- Assignment: [Homework1: RISC-V Assembly and Instruction Pipeline](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2023-arch-homework1) (Due: Oct 10, 2023)
* Week 4 (Sep 27): RISC-V / Online via [YouTube](https://youtu.be/sDYkKuoqGbk)
- Announcement:
+ Next quiz is scheduled to Oct 4
+ Code Review for [Homework 1](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2022-arch-homework1) on Oct 4
* Week 4 (Sep 26): Quiz + RISC-V
* Errata
* [2023 Quiz1](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz1-sol): Additional `x += (x >> 32)` statement in Problem A
- [Quiz2](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz2): RISC-V assembly and C programming / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz2-sol)
- [Fixed-point Arithmetic](https://hackmd.io/@maromaSamsa/HkjefPbFs)
- [NASA, Microchip, SiFive Announces Partnership for RISC-V Spaceflight Computing Platform](https://www.hackster.io/news/nasa-microchip-sifive-announces-partnership-for-risc-v-spaceflight-computing-platform-f52c55cf14f6)
- [ST, CAES team on octacore RISC-V space chip with selectable cores](https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/st-to-make-european-octacore-risc-v-space-chip-with-selectable-cores/)
- Apple M1 Pro/Max
+ [ARM1 (1985) vs. Apple M1 Max (2021)](https://twitter.com/kenshirriff/status/1450179024639049731)
+ [Apple Announces M1 Pro & M1 Max: Giant New Arm SoCs with All-Out Performance](https://www.anandtech.com/show/17019/apple-announced-m1-pro-m1-max-giant-new-socs-with-allout-performance) / [Apple M2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_M2)
- [Calling Convention for RISC-V](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/10-LTD_zwQO23yxRNGL1gOpYmab8rDFsv/edit?usp=sharing) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0apCzwwwJGKn2p57tnhtSIIz)
- [CALL = Compiling, Assembling, Linking, and Loading](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1Kiu675d7Q0NimIvdtxkXE5kp8-jLDmIt/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=113685665535544054506&rtpof=true&sd=true) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0aoprCVNj3PG1kx7DTm3Qs6q)
- [2021-Quiz2](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz2) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz2-sol)
* Week 5 (Oct 4): Quiz + Code Review (Room 4201 (1F) at (old) CSIE Building)
- [Quiz2](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz2): RISC-V assembly and C programming / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz2-sol)
- Code Review on [Homework1: RISC-V Assembly and Instruction Pipeline](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2022-arch-homework1)
* Week 6 (Oct 11): RISC-V Instruction Format + GNU Toolchain / Online via [YouTube](https://youtu.be/FVWqem0xMas)
- Next week: [digital logic](https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Soft_Job/M.1587694288.A.3B5.html)
- Further reading [FPGA design for Software Engineers](https://www.walknsqualk.com/post/014-tiny-fpga-bx/)
* Week 5 (Oct 3): Code Review + RISC-V Instruction Format + GNU Toolchain
- Announcement
* [Homework2: RISC-V Toolchain](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2023-arch-homework2) is out.
- Code Review on [Homework1: RISC-V Assembly and Instruction Pipeline](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2023-arch-homework1)
- [Lab2: RISC-V RV32I[MACF] emulator with ELF support](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/SJAR5XMmi)
- Assignment: [Homework2: RISC-V Toolchain](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2022-arch-homework2) (Due: Oct 31)
- Assignment: [Homework2: RISC-V Toolchain](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2023-arch-homework2) (Due: Oct 31)
- RISC-V Instruction Formats [Part I](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1k5qJyfuyk3ITzOfK0cIosyNl0nh1o9UC/edit?usp=sharing) / [Part II](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/19Zt2UpvJDerRPn2P2XkgcxkhXKIuWJ1g/edit?usp=sharing) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0apqzuxnUN2fkwt1IGbu3km3)
* Week 7 (Oct 18): Digital Systems / Online via [YouTube](https://youtu.be/zqF2bE6Dw1o)
* Announcement: New quiz is scheduled on Oct 25
* Week 6 (Oct 10): National Day | make up a lesson on Oct 12 night via [YouTube](https://youtube.com/live/l7sKCIMo9AY)
* Announcement:
- Given the consistent progress of the lecture, we will schedule a makeup lesson for 19:30 on October 12th via [YouTube](https://youtube.com/live/l7sKCIMo9AY).
- [Homework2: RISC-V Toolchain](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2023-arch-homework2) is out. (Due: Oct 31)
- RISC-V Instruction Formats [Part I](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1k5qJyfuyk3ITzOfK0cIosyNl0nh1o9UC/edit?usp=sharing) / [Part II](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/19Zt2UpvJDerRPn2P2XkgcxkhXKIuWJ1g/edit?usp=sharing) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0apqzuxnUN2fkwt1IGbu3km3)
* [online tool for RISC-V Instruction Encoder/Decoder](https://luplab.gitlab.io/rvcodecjs/) / [source code](https://gitlab.com/luplab/rvcodecjs)
- Further reading [FPGA design for Software Engineers](https://www.walknsqualk.com/post/014-tiny-fpga-bx/)
* Week 7 (Oct 17): Digital Systems
* Announcement:
- Quiz 3 is scheduled for Oct 24 and will cover RISC-V assembly programming, software optimizations, instruction encoding, sequential logic, and combinational logic.
- [2020-Quiz3](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz3) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz3-sol)
- [2021-Quiz3](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz3) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz3-sol)
- [2021-Quiz4](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz4) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz4-sol)
- [2022-Quiz3](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz3) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz3-sol)
- Code Review for [Homework 2](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2023-arch-homework2) is scheduled for Oct 24.
* [Binary marble adding machine](https://woodgears.ca/marbleadd/) / [video](https://youtu.be/GcDshWmhF4A)
- Yes, you can implement a few logic-like elements without electricity.
- Logic gates are primarily implemented using diodes or transistors acting as electronic switches, but can also be constructed using vacuum tubes, electromagnetic relays (relay logic), fluidic logic, pneumatic logic, optics, molecules, or even mechanical elements. Now, most logic gates are made from MOSFETs (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors).
- [nand2tetris](https://www.nand2tetris.org/)
- [Synchronous Digital Systems (SDS)](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1WOxk6JPmCxXuGfkX1A3Ocuiy4N-fyv76/edit?usp=sharing), [Boolean Algebra](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/10bIPEobQ-O42TV97ggTfRcDUJ7vz5YB4/edit?usp=sharing) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0ap04XFOxcFT2_Bflnz_RHWU)
+ sequential logic is a type of logic circuit whose output depends on the present value of its input signals and on the sequence of past inputs, the input history.
- [State](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1AemtUUV207IXLP7j07RFOh-NLrKLSew_/edit?usp=sharing), [Combinational Logic](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1h0hoIl1bc2f9fUeoEGmaUHoAtf9zL5JS/edit?usp=sharing) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0arH8SCGZilk8Wn_2B45SOpW)
- [2020-Quiz3](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz3) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz3-sol)
- [2021-Quiz3](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz3) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz3-sol)
- [2021-Quiz4](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz4) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz4-sol)
* Week 8 (Oct 25): Datapath and Control + Code Review (Room 4201 (1F) at (old) CSIE Building)
- [Quiz3](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz3): RISC-V programming and instruction encoding + Digital systems / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz3-sol)
* Week 8 (Oct 24): Quiz + Datapath and Control
- [Quiz3](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz3): RISC-V programming and instruction encoding + Digital systems / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz3-sol)
- [RISC-V CPU Datapath](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec12.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0arQ_gDRnVS4ams3sUajgfEL)
* Week 9 (Nov 1): Pipeline / Online via [YouTube](https://youtu.be/JbOQSCBP4TE)
* Week 9 (Oct 31): [online via YouTube](https://youtube.com/live/WUpGwSrsz8g); Datapath and Control + Pipeline
- Announcement:
+ New quiz is scheduled on Nov 14.
+ Code Review for [Homework 2](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2023-arch-homework2) is scheduled on N14.
- video: [Are Computers Still Getting Faster?](https://youtu.be/IuLxX07isNg)
- video: [Circuits recap](https://youtu.be/N36wWh0DriA)
- Constructing Hardware in a Scala Embedded Language ([Chisel](https://github.com/chipsalliance/chisel)) is an open-source hardware description language (HDL) used to describe digital electronics and circuits at the register-transfer level that facilitates advanced circuit generation and design reuse for both ASIC and FPGA digital logic designs.
* [slides](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1gMtABxBEDFbCFXN_-dPyvycNAyFROZKwk-HMcnxfTnU/edit#slide=id.p)
* [Finite impulse response](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite_impulse_response) (FIR)
* [Learn Chisel online!](https://mybinder.org/v2/gh/freechipsproject/chisel-bootcamp/master)
+ Please run the cell blocks by either pressing SHIFT+ENTER on your keyboard
- [RISC-V CPU Datapath](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec12.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0arQ_gDRnVS4ams3sUajgfEL)
+ [slides](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1SbeyDTycsb97201QvzxGa4CmE9bmRDyd/edit?usp=sharing)
- [Single-Cycle CPU Control](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1QAqqFyQUAu8GE_FvvqGHlF_Nk5VKzleC) / [video](https://youtu.be/0WnPU46zjbA)
+ [slides](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1UvXegiqDEGa5IOWMnnybxK4jftMY7MOF/edit?usp=sharing)
- MIT 6.191 [L15: Introduction to Pipelining](https://youtu.be/5NQkhqZe8_8), [L16: Processor Pipelining](https://youtu.be/TMpjvAvQCWA)
* [note](https://computationstructures.org/lectures/pbeta/pbeta.html)
* Week 10 (Nov 8): Pipelined Processors / Online via [YouTube](https://youtu.be/vCWsFahh5kQ)
* Week 10 (Nov 7): Pipelined Processors
- Announcement:
+ The next quiz is planned on Nov 15.
+ Homework3 [SoftCPU](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2022-arch-homework3) is out.
+ Next week, we will review all the assignments.
- Recent [rv32emu](https://github.com/sysprog21/rv32emu) changes
+ More descriptions about system calls. See [docs/syscall.md](https://github.com/sysprog21/rv32emu/blob/master/docs/syscall.md)
+ Implement `clock_gettime` system call, so that you can call `gettimeofday`/`clock_gettime` in C programs.
+ Implement [user-level counters](https://github.com/riscv/riscv-isa-manual) for getting CPU cycle counts in RISC-V programs. See [tests/perfcounter](https://github.com/sysprog21/rv32emu/tree/master/tests/perfcounter) for sample usage.
+ Better experiences while [running Doom and Quake games](https://github.com/sysprog21/rv32emu/blob/master/docs/demo.md). You can resize the window and use mouse properly.
+ More test programs: jit-bf (JIT assembler for RISC-V), coro (a simple coroutine implementation for RISC-V), mandelbrot (an ASCII-based renderer for Mandelbrot Set, colorized), richards (an operating system task scheduler simulation benchmark), and chacha20 (stream cipher)
+ More comments in source files.
+ [Homework3](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2023-arch-homework3) is out.
+ Next week, we will continue reviewing all the assignments.
+ Quiz4 is scheduled next week.
- [2020 Quiz4](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz4) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz4-sol)
- [2021 Quiz5](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz5) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz5-sol) / [annotated with Ripes](https://hackmd.io/@wIVnCcUaTouAktrkMVLEMA/rkm8OkOjF)
- [2022 Quiz4](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz4) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz4-sol) / [annotated](https://hackmd.io/@0SHE18LgRsqRjsgqxIFjVA/SJxvlqOds)
- [rv32emu](https://github.com/sysprog21/rv32emu) development
* commit [c1b8db0](https://github.com/sysprog21/rv32emu/commit/c1b8db0edec677cf654d19065b09db666bbd5b4f) successfully resolved a known issue that was preventing Doom from launching.
* However, Quake renders incorrectly. ([#258](https://github.com/sysprog21/rv32emu/issues/258))
- [0 to ASIC](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/14npvuiGxsS3C-yo2vOsbZpNKGehwTtIYRFN6k3ZVR4M/edit#slide=id.p)
- [L16: Processor Pipelining](https://youtu.be/TMpjvAvQCWA), [L17: Implementing Pipelining](https://youtu.be/Pr3-iFE-nCQ), [L18: Implementing Pipelined Processors](https://youtu.be/WdbCaCoOgVY) / [note](https://computationstructures.org/lectures/pbeta/pbeta.html)
- [RISC-V 5-Stage Pipeline / Hazards](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec14.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0aq-xpoKcmd7X9w-l6KHiNMa)
- [Lab3: srv32 - RISCV RV32IM Soft CPU](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/S1Udn1Xtt)
- Assignment: [Homework3: SoftCPU](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2022-arch-homework3) (Due: Nov 30, 2022)
- [2020 Quiz4](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz4) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz4-sol)
- [2021 Quiz5](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz5) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz5-sol) / [annotated with Ripes](https://hackmd.io/@wIVnCcUaTouAktrkMVLEMA/rkm8OkOjF)
- [Lab3: Construct a single-cycle CPU with Chisel](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/r1mlr3I7p)
- Assignment: [Homework3: Single-cycle CPU in Chisel](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2023-arch-homework3) (Due: Dec 1, 2023)
* Week 11 (Nov 15): Quiz + Homework Review (Room 4201 (1F) at (old) CSIE Building)
- [Quiz4](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz4): RISC-V programming + datapath + control + pipelined processor / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz4-sol)
- [Homework1](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2022-arch-homework1), [Homework2](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2022-arch-homework2)
* Week 11 (Nov 14): Quiz + Homework Review
- [Quiz4](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz4): RISC-V programming + datapath + control + pipelined processor / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz4-sol)
- [Homework1](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2023-arch-homework1), [Homework2](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2023-arch-homework2)
- [Complex Pipelines, Out-of-Order Issue, Register Renaming](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs152/sp19/lectures/L10-ComplexPipes.pdf)
* Week 12 (Nov 22): Cache + Virtual Memory / Online via [YouTube](https://youtu.be/K8B8eCpGBp0)
* Week 12 (Nov 21): Cache
* Announcement
* Quiz on Nov 29 - pipeline, cache and virtual memory (partial)
* Term projects will be listed on Nov 29
* The class scheduled for Nov 28 will be conducted online and will be available via YouTube.
* Quiz 5 is scheduled on Dec 5
- [2022-Quiz5](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz5) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz5-sol) / [annotated](https://hackmd.io/@0SHE18LgRsqRjsgqxIFjVA/ry3j69OOo)
- [2021-Quiz6](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz6) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz6-sol) / [with Ripes simulation](https://hackmd.io/@arthur-chang/SyLa2qb3Y)
- [2020-Quiz5](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz5) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz5-sol)
* This semester, we will conduct 7 quizzes. Out of these, the best 4 will be selected for grading purposes.
* The instructor will submit the grades on the school's designated deadline ([Jan 17, 2024](https://www.ncku.edu.tw/p/412-1000-6149.php?Lang=zh-tw)) for grade registration. This means that students will have ample time to dedicate to the final project assigned in this course.
* [Caches: Direct-mapped, set-associative](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec16.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0apRiQ2QPjzyq8APGEjnqW1w)
* [Multi-level Caches, Cache Questions](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec17.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0aqHsuO6U2bIpwDGqO6UAetk)
* [The golden age of ever-changing computer architecture](https://hackaday.com/2019/11/27/the-golden-age-of-ever-changing-computer-architecture/)
- [Lab4: Cache](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/fa22/labs/lab07/)
+ [Requirements](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/fa20/labs/lab08/) / [Reference work](https://hackmd.io/@Lt35rTMeTi22rWqrBgSQzg/SkXXQ_LJ8)
* Recall: [The golden age of ever-changing computer architecture](https://hackaday.com/2019/11/27/the-golden-age-of-ever-changing-computer-architecture/)
* [The next big tech war front: RISC-V](https://asiatimes.com/2023/11/the-next-big-tech-war-front-risc-v/)
* [Computing on Andromeda: Chip Company Releases 13.5M Core Supercomputer](https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/news/computing-on-andromeda-chip-company-releases-13.5m-core-supercomputer/)
* [Designing in 2023: 10 Problems to Solve w/ Jim Keller](https://youtu.be/o70yKYWgtVI) - [Tenstorrent](https://tenstorrent.com/)
8-wide Ascalon RISC-V core.
* [Virtual Memory](https://youtu.be/TsxZlXOrt8U) / UCB: [Virtual Memory](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec19.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0ar2Wia7JngBFMmwRlr4s79j)
* [2021-Qui6](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz6) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz6-sol) / [with Ripes simulation](https://hackmd.io/@arthur-chang/SyLa2qb3Y)
* [2020-Quiz5](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz5) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz5-sol)
* Week13 (Nov 29): Quiz + Virtual Memory + Operating System (Room 4201 (1F) at (old) CSIE Building)
* Week13 (Nov 28): online via [YouTube](https://youtube.com/live/A8AmpS3V8cE): Virtual Memory + Operating System + Vector Extension
- Announcement:
+ Be aware of [Term projects](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-projects)
- [Quiz5](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz5): pipelined processor + cache + virtual memory / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz5-sol)
- [Virtual Memory](https://6004.mit.edu/web/_static/fall21/resources/sp21/L18.pdf) / [video](https://youtu.be/TsxZlXOrt8U)
- [Lab4: Cache](https://cs61c.org/fa20/labs/lab08/)
+ [Reference work](https://hackmd.io/@Lt35rTMeTi22rWqrBgSQzg/SkXXQ_LJ8)
+ Term projects will be listed on Dec 5. [Term projects of 2022](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-projects)
* [Virtual Memory](https://youtu.be/TsxZlXOrt8U) / UCB: [Virtual Memory](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec19.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0ar2Wia7JngBFMmwRlr4s79j)
- [Operating Systems](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec18.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0arq3vh2gcLvr5isLK4CuK3B)
- [Freestanding RISC-V Programs](https://youtu.be/iml0DBo5yqo)
+ [bare metal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bare_machine)
- RISC-V Vector extension
* [Introduction to the RISC-V Vector Extension](https://eupilot.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/RISC-V-VectorExtension-1-1.pdf)
* [The RISC-V Vector ISA Tutorial](https://riscv.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/15.20-15.55-18.05.06.VEXT-bcn-v1.pdf)
* [RISC-V "V" Vector Extension](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs152/sp22/handouts/sp22/riscv-v-spec-0.10.pdf)
* Week14 (Dec 6): Synchronization / Online via [YouTube](https://youtu.be/YNd5Dg2HfT8)
* Week14 (Dec 5): Quiz + Synchronization
- Announcement:
* Quiz6 on Dec 13
* Check the listing of [final/term projects](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-projects) and fill in your names.
* Check the listing of [final/term projects](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-projects) and fill in your names.
- [Quiz5](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz5): pipelined processor + cache + virtual memory / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz5-sol)
* [Virtual Memory](https://youtu.be/TsxZlXOrt8U) / UCB: [Virtual Memory](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec19.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0ar2Wia7JngBFMmwRlr4s79j)
- [Apple Silicon Guide](https://github.com/mikeroyal/Apple-Silicon-Guide)
- [Debunking CISC vs RISC code density](https://www.bitsnbites.eu/cisc-vs-risc-code-density/)
- [Operating Systems](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec18.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0arq3vh2gcLvr5isLK4CuK3B)
- [Synchronization](https://youtu.be/r8H_af_dCF0)
+ Please check your operating system textbook for such topic.
- [Thread-Level Parallelism](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec22.pdf) / [video](https://youtu.be/QLdN6p7-43U)
+ Let's skip OpenMP part
- [Multithreading Issues + Cache Coherency](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec23.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0aqgj_8Og51XoE7iyAu5yEWZ)
- [2021 Quiz7](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz6) /[solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz7-sol)
- [2021 Quiz6](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz6) /[solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz6-sol)
- [2020 Quiz6](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz6) /[solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz6-sol)
* Week15 (Dec 13): suspended
* Week15 (Dec 12): Operating System, Multithreading
- Announcement:
* Quiz6 will be postponed to Dec 20
* Quiz7 on Dec 27
* Check [the listing of final/term projects](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-projects)
* Week16 (Dec 20): Multithreading, Synchronization, I/O
- [Quiz6](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz6) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz6-sol)
* Quiz6 is scheduled on Dec 19
- [2022-Quiz6](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz6): pipelined processor + cache + virtual memory / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz6-sol)
- [2021-Quiz7](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz6) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz7-sol)
- [2021-Quiz6](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz6) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2021-quiz6-sol)
- [2020-Quiz6](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz6) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz6-sol)
- [Synchronization](https://youtu.be/r8H_af_dCF0)
+ Please check your operating system textbook for such topic.
- [Multithreading Issues + Cache Coherency](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c/su20/pdfs/lectures/lec23.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0aqgj_8Og51XoE7iyAu5yEWZ)
+ Let's skip OpenMP part
- video: [The Future of Operating Systems on RISC-V](https://youtu.be/emnN9p4vhzk) / [transcript](https://www.infoq.com/presentations/risc-v-future/)
- [Freestanding RISC-V Programs](https://youtu.be/iml0DBo5yqo)
+ [bare metal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bare_machine)
- [Multithreaded Application Synchronization Part I](https://youtu.be/kk8q5rwm1ZI)
+ Taken from [CSCI 463: Computer Architecture and Systems Organization](http://faculty.cs.niu.edu/~winans/CS463/2021-fa/)
+ [RISC-V spec references the word 'hart' - what does 'hart' mean?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42676827/risc-v-spec-references-the-word-hart-what-does-hart-mean)
- [Multithreaded Application Synchronization Part II](https://youtu.be/dAVZTHxC16w)
- [Multithreaded Application Synchronization Part I](https://youtu.be/kk8q5rwm1ZI) / [Part II](https://youtu.be/dAVZTHxC16w)
+ Taken from [CSCI 463: Computer Architecture and Systems Organization](https://faculty.cs.niu.edu/~winans/CS463/2022-fa/)
+ RISC-V AMOSWAP instruction
+ [RISC-V spec references the word 'hart' - what does 'hart' mean?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42676827/risc-v-spec-references-the-word-hart-what-does-hart-mean)
* Week16 (Dec 19): online via [YouTube](https://youtube.com/live/5SMKUAglraQ) | Quiz + Memory Model, Synchronization, I/O
- [Quiz6](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz6) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz6-sol)
- [Memory Model](https://youtu.be/QkbWgCSAEoo) / [slides](https://riscv.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/14.25-15.00-RISCVMemoryModelTutorial.pdf)
- [Advanced topics on Synchronization - 1](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs152/sp20/lectures/L19-MCM.pdf)
- [Advanced topics on Synchronization - 2](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs152/sp20/lectures/L22-Synch.pdf)
- [I/O: Devices, Polling, Interrupts](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1NRoyYSbAyarMhmPD5LiY6YEqYpLoZx_s) / [video](https://youtu.be/0dyqcFC_q2Q?t=1247)
* Traps/Interrupts/Exceptions
* Trap Handling in 5-Stage Pipeline
* Week17 (Dec 27): Modern Processors
- [Quiz7](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz7) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-quiz7-sol)
- [listing of final/term projects](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2022-projects)
- [Modern Processor Architecture](https://6004.mit.edu/web/_static/fall21/resources/sp21/L22.pdf) / [video](https://youtu.be/sbGtFtxqkkg)
- [Introduction to Dynamic Branch Prediction](https://youtu.be/PFmx2p6NA0A), [Advanced Branch Prediction](https://youtu.be/avp3bDqCXYM), [Tournament Predictors and Branch Prediction Accuracy](https://youtu.be/-T8yDJ8vTuI)
- Project: [Analyze and improve srv32](https://hackmd.io/@peishan/HkJrtKpoY)
- [Hardware Based Speculation](https://youtu.be/mFtX28lH4O8)
* Week17 (Dec 26): Modern Processors
- Announcements
* Due to the instructor's significant involvement in a confidential project, there has been limited participation in this course. Consequently, the instructor proposes a modification to the course grading structure.
- The new breakdown will be as follows: Quiz (30%), Homework (30%), Final/Term Project (25%), and an additional "Base" component (15%). This "Base" component ensures that each student's starting score is at least 15%.
* Quiz7 is scheduled on Jan 2, 2024
- [SSE2NEON v1.7](https://github.com/DLTcollab/sse2neon/releases/tag/v1.7.0) is out.
- [rv32emu](https://github.com/sysprog21/rv32emu) introduces tier-1 JIT compiler to accelerate RISC-V simulation.
* Execute `make ENABLE_JIT=1 clean all` and then run `build/rv32emu build/smolnes.elf` to play NES games.
- [listing of final/term projects](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-projects)
* You must provide the materials and demonstrate to the lecturer before Jan 14, 2023.
* Summarize what you did and send email to `<jserv.tw@gmail.com>`.
- [Modern Processor Architecture](https://youtu.be/sbGtFtxqkkg)
* [Modern Microprocessors: A 90-Minute Guide!](https://www.lighterra.com/papers/modernmicroprocessors/)
- [Introduction to Dynamic Branch Prediction](https://youtu.be/PFmx2p6NA0A), [Advanced Branch Prediction](https://youtu.be/avp3bDqCXYM)
* Week 18 (Jan 2): Modern Processors
- Out-of-Order Execution
- [Quiz7](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz7) / [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2023-quiz7-sol)
- [Tournament Predictors and Branch Prediction Accuracy](https://youtu.be/-T8yDJ8vTuI)
- Project: [Analyze and improve srv32](https://hackmd.io/@peishan/HkJrtKpoY)
- [Hardware Based Speculation](https://youtu.be/mFtX28lH4O8)
* [Speculative Processor Vulnerability](https://developer.arm.com/Arm%20Security%20Center/Speculative%20Processor%20Vulnerability)
* [Spectre-BHB](https://developer.arm.com/Arm%20Security%20Center/Spectre-BHB)
- Case study: [SoomRV](https://github.com/mathis-s/SoomRV) - simple superscalar out-of-order RISC-V core. It can execute up to 4 instructions per cycle and is able to boot Linux.
- [RISC vs. CISC](https://yarchive.net/comp/risc_definition.html) by [John Mashey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Mashey), one of the founders of the Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation (SPEC) benchmarking group.
* [HackerNews](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34196370)
