版本 78b0fbb334536a5f59446e9b0b64d7abc3453fe8
Changes from 78b0fbb334536a5f59446e9b0b64d7abc3453fe8 to 0069ada1988e79e0415e1b7dad1f08b35c94e195
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title: Computer Architecture
toc: no
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- Instructor: [Jim Huang](/User/jserv) (黃敬群) `<jserv.tw@gmail.com>`
- Facebook Group: [https://www.facebook.com/groups/system.software2020/](https://www.facebook.com/groups/system.software2020/) / [2019 Fall](/arch/schedule-old)
- Policy
* Follow the classes: [CS 61C at UC Berkeley](https://cs61c.org/), [CS152/252: Computer Architecture](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs152/sp20/)
- Course grading
* Quiz (20%), Homework (40%), Final Project (40%)
- Please scan [COVID-19 QR-Code](https://i.imgur.com/CfUWOCh.png) each class
- [Student Profile Survey](https://forms.gle/HC7tHxtzDCYKZDB66)
Computer Architecture (Fall 2020)
------------------------------------------------------
* Week 1 (Sep 8)
- David Patterson: [A New Golden Age for Computer Architecture: History, Challenges and Opportunities](https://content.riscv.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/A-New-Golden-Age-for-Computer-Architecture-History-Challenges-and-Opportunities-David-Patterson-.pdf) / [video](https://youtu.be/uyc_pDBJotI)
* [Article](https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2019/2/234352-a-new-golden-age-for-computer-architecture/fulltext), [note](https://github.com/cristiean/notes/blob/4c4ceb291ba68c55659ab0d4571385c8cccacd21/a-new-golden-age-for-computer-architecture.md)
- David Patterson: [From Mainframe CPUs to Neural-Network TPUs and Open RISC-V](https://riscv.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Mon0915-RISC-V-50-Years-Computer-Arch.pdf) / [video](https://youtu.be/eH9_ygsio3I)
- [Great Ideas in Computer Architecture, Intro](https://drive.google.com/open?id=1Y4yUaw9vryZcdc4Xu0RQxHfqjVbeHJLF) / [video](https://youtu.be/u_hXH5-tbM4?t=263)
- [Number Representation](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1_Zbt8KdwieLsqRdfc6aNBOa2_hEmFkxR)
- [Floating Point](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/147xm_DhklkevG6602mH4yoGuVMw-3GQZ?usp=sharing)
- [C Memory Management](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1pHpHRvjEg5TdidIp_fkOrh6TvMlYl5Yj?usp=sharing) / [video](https://youtu.be/fhEE4J4QCps)
* Week 2 (Sep 15): Quiz + RISC-V
- [Quiz1](/arch/arch2020-quiz1.pdf): C programming, bit-wise operations, number representation, floating-point / [Solution](/arch/2020-quiz1-sol.pdf)
- News: [NVIDIA to Acquire Arm for $40 Billion, Creating World’s Premier Computing Company for the Age of AI](https://nvidianews.nvidia.com/news/nvidia-to-acquire-arm-for-40-billion-creating-worlds-premier-computing-company-for-the-age-of-ai)
- [Lab0: Web-based Emulators](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/SJ7ht_MuS)
- [Introduction to RISC-V Assembly language : Arithmetic](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1dtSqX4RlLlfXk2jN8J1vvior35z_5QfZ)
* [The RISC-V Instruction Set Manual: Volume I: Unprivileged ISA](https://content.riscv.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/riscv-spec.pdf)
- [Intro to Assembly Language and RISC-V](https://cs61c.org/su20/lectures/?file=lec06.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0aqsesqf46rxjtV2mkiwJOmr)
* Week 3 (Sep 22): RISC-V
- [Intro to Assembly Language and RISC-V](https://cs61c.org/su20/lectures/?file=lec06.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0aqsesqf46rxjtV2mkiwJOmr)
* [RISC-V Assembly Programmer's Manual](https://github.com/riscv/riscv-asm-manual/blob/master/riscv-asm.md)
- [RISC-V lw, sw, Decisions I](https://drive.google.com/open?id=1sPgw8TnaLNvL71uaXLE_vNaXmNrbRHNc) / [video](https://youtu.be/5hwH9ofpNzI)
- [RISC-V Decisions II](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/16-usv7Hk1XmIE4HP-nTzFKtkvuSlFCg8?usp=sharing)
- [Lab1: RV32I Simulator](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/H1TpVYMdB)
- Assignment: [Homework1: RISC-V Assembly and Instruction Pipeline](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2020-arch-homework1) (Due: Oct 5)
* Week 4 (Sep 29): RISC-V
- Announcement:
+ quiz rescheduled to Oct 6
+ Code Review for Homework 1 on Oct 6
- [More RISC-V Functions](https://cs61c.org/su20/lectures/?file=lec07.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0apCzwwwJGKn2p57tnhtSIIz)
- [Compiler, Assembler, Linker, Loader](https://cs61c.org/su20/lectures/?file=lec09.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0aoprCVNj3PG1kx7DTm3Qs6q)
* Week 5 (Oct 6): Quiz + Code Review
- [Quiz2](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz2)
* [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz2-sol)
- Code Review on [Homework1: RISC-V Assembly and Instruction Pipeline](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2020-arch-homework1)
* Week 6 (Oct 13): RISC-V and Toolchain
- [Collaborative notes](https://hackmd.io/58CYrCJhS56clW7CF9AZeg)
- Next week: [digital logic](https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Soft_Job/M.1587694288.A.3B5.html)
- Code Review on [Homework1: RISC-V Assembly and Instruction Pipeline](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2020-arch-homework1)
- [Lab2: RISC-V RV32I[MA] emulator with ELF support](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/rJAufgHYS)
- Assignment: [Homework2: RISC-V Toolchain](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2020-arch-homework2) (Due: Oct 26)
- Further reading [FPGA design for Software Engineers](https://www.walknsqualk.com/post/014-tiny-fpga-bx/)
- [RISC-V Instruction Formats](https://cs61c.org/su20/lectures?file=lec08.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0apqzuxnUN2fkwt1IGbu3km3)
* Week 7 (Oct 20): Digital Systems
* [nand2tetris](https://www.nand2tetris.org/) / [TED Talk](https://www.ted.com/talks/shimon_schocken_the_self_organizing_computer_course)
* Next generation of rv32emu: [sysprog21/rv32emu-next](https://github.com/sysprog21/rv32emu-next)
- [Combinational Digital Logic](https://cs61c.org/su20/lectures?file=lec10.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0ap04XFOxcFT2_Bflnz_RHWU)
- [Sequential Digital Logic](https://cs61c.org/su20/lectures?file=lec11.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0arH8SCGZilk8Wn_2B45SOpW)
* Week 8 (Oct 27): Datapath
- [Quiz3](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz3)
* [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz3-sol)
- [Lab3: Reindeer - RISCV RV32I[M] Soft CPU](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/rJw2A5DqS)
- [RISC-V CPU Datapath, Control Intro](https://cs61c.org/su20/lectures/?file=lec12.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0arQ_gDRnVS4ams3sUajgfEL)
- Assignment: [Homework3: SoftCPU](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/2020-arch-homework3) (Due: Nov 16)
* Week 9 (Nov 3): Control, Pipeline
- [Collaborative notes](https://hackmd.io/58CYrCJhS56clW7CF9AZeg)
- Announcement: quiz4 on Nov17: CPU datapath, control, pipeline
- video: [Are Computers Still Getting Faster?](https://youtu.be/IuLxX07isNg)
- [Single-Cycle CPU Control](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1QAqqFyQUAu8GE_FvvqGHlF_Nk5VKzleC) / [video](https://youtu.be/0WnPU46zjbA)
- MIT 6.004 [L15: Introduction to Pipelining](https://youtu.be/5NQkhqZe8_8), [L16: Processor Pipelining](https://youtu.be/TMpjvAvQCWA), [L17: Implementing Pipelining](https://youtu.be/Pr3-iFE-nCQ)
* Week 10 (Nov 10): Pipelined Processors
- News: [XuanTie C906 based Allwinner RISC-V processor to power $12+ Linux SBC’s](https://www.cnx-software.com/2020/11/09/xuantie-c906-based-allwinner-risc-v-processor-to-power-12-linux-sbcs/)
- [0 to ASIC](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/14npvuiGxsS3C-yo2vOsbZpNKGehwTtIYRFN6k3ZVR4M/edit#slide=id.p)
- [RISC-V: Why the ISA battles are not over yet](https://hackaday.com/2019/11/12/risc-v-why-the-isa-battles-arent-over-yet)
- [L18: Implementing Pipelined Processors](https://youtu.be/WdbCaCoOgVY)
- [RISC-V 5-Stage Pipeline / Hazards](https://cs61c.org/su20/lectures?file=lec14.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0aq-xpoKcmd7X9w-l6KHiNMa)
- [Complex Pipelines, Out-of-Order Issue, Register Renaming](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs152/sp19/lectures/L10-ComplexPipes.pdf)
* Week 11 (Nov 17): Quiz + Homework Review
- [Quiz4](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz4)
* [solution](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/arch2020-quiz4-sol)
- [13-Year-Old, Nicholas Sharkey, Creates a RISC-V Core](https://riscv.org/blog/2020/11/13-year-old-nicholas-sharkey-creates-a-risc-v-core/)
- [ARM1 vs. Apple M1](https://twitter.com/kenshirriff/status/1327021630636212224)
* Week 12 (Nov 24): Cache + Virtual Memory
- [Caches– Direct-mapped, set-associative](https://cs61c.org/su20/lectures?file=lec16.pdf) / [video](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0apRiQ2QPjzyq8APGEjnqW1w)
- [Mutilevel Caches, Cache Questions](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLDoI-XvXO0aqHsuO6U2bIpwDGqO6UAetk)
- [The golden age of ever-changing computer architecture](https://hackaday.com/2019/11/27/the-golden-age-of-ever-changing-computer-architecture/)
- [Virtual Memory](https://6004.mit.edu/web/_static/fall19/resources/lectures/L18.pdf) / [video](https://youtu.be/TsxZlXOrt8U)
* [Practice: Virtual Memory](https://6004.mit.edu/web/_static/fall19/resources/lectures/L18.ws_solutions.pdf)
* Week13 (Dec 1): [State-of-the-Art mobile computing](https://www.dictionary.com/browse/state-of-the-art) & Synchronization
- Processors in 5G era: Cortex-A77 + Cortex-A55
* Mediatek: [Bringing 5G to Everyone](https://i.mediatek.com/mediatek-5g)
* [Qualcomm Introduces the World’s Most Advanced 5G Mobile Platform](https://www.qualcomm.com/news/releases/2019/12/04/qualcomm-introduces-worlds-most-advanced-5g-mobile-platform)
- [The Race to Exascale at Supercomputer 2019](https://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1335333)
- [zh_TW translation](https://www.eettaiwan.com/news/article/20191203NT01-race-to-exascale-at-supercomputer-2019)
- Term projects (due date: Jan 5, 2020)
* [explore the workings of virtual memory, specifically the TLB and the Page Table](https://cs61c.org/labs/lab10/)
* Implement [RISC-V Compressed Instruction Set](https://www2.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2015/EECS-2015-209.pdf) on [rv32emu](https://github.com/sysprog21/rv32emu)
* Implement [RISC-V Compressed Instruction Set](https://www2.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2015/EECS-2015-209.pdf) for [Reindeer](https://github.com/PulseRain/Reindeer), based on pull request [RV32C support](https://github.com/PulseRain/Reindeer/pull/25). must be validated on Step CYC10 FPGA board.
* Contribute to [Ripes](https://github.com/mortbopet/Ripes/issues): pick up pending issues, work on them, and finally send pull request(s).
* Prepare practical tutorials for [VSRTL](https://github.com/mortbopet/VSRTL/tree/master/docs), thus people can follow the instructions for implementing minimal RISC-V core such as [minrv32](https://github.com/arghhhh/minrv32).
* Analyze [spu32](https://github.com/maikmerten/spu32) with Yosys open synthesis suite. Explain how it works and validate it.
* Analyze [VexRiscv](https://github.com/SpinalHDL/VexRiscv). Explain how it works and validate it.
* Modify [Reindeer](https://github.com/PulseRain/Reindeer) to allow non-trial interactive games on Step CYC10 FPGA board, based on [Reindeer_Step](https://github.com/PulseRain/Reindeer_Step) and Zephyr RTOS.
- [Synchronization](https://6004.mit.edu/web/_static/fall19/resources/lectures/L21.pdf) / [video](https://youtu.be/r8H_af_dCF0)
* Week14 (Dec 8): Synchronization
- [Intel’s SGX coughs up crypto keys when scientists tweak CPU voltage](https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2019/12/scientists-pluck-crypto-keys-from-intels-sgx-by-tweaking-cpu-voltage/)
- [Attacking the ARM's TrustZone](https://blog.quarkslab.com/attacking-the-arms-trustzone.html) / video: [ARM TrustZone for dummies](https://youtu.be/ecBByjwny3s)
- [Synchronization](https://6004.mit.edu/web/_static/fall19/resources/lectures/L21.pdf) / [video](https://youtu.be/r8H_af_dCF0)
* [Advanced topics](https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs152/sp19/lectures/L22-Synch.pdf)
- [Thread-Level Parallelism](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1YtT3FEpZAROeZT5gg-uKgxO5hp0N2ii-) / [video](https://youtu.be/QLdN6p7-43U)
- [Quiz](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/S1kq5T0pH)
* Week15 (Dec 15): I/O and Cache Coherence
- Announce: Last quiz on Dec 26, Review final project on Jan 2
- [I/O: Devices, Polling, Interrupts](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1NRoyYSbAyarMhmPD5LiY6YEqYpLoZx_s) / [video](https://youtu.be/0dyqcFC_q2Q)
* Traps/Interrupts/Exceptions
* Trap Handling in 5-Stage Pipeline
- [Cache Coherence](https://6004.mit.edu/web/_static/fall19/resources/lectures/L22.pdf) / [video](https://youtu.be/vxrok3KKuGQ)
* Modern microprocessors usually have 2 to 8 cores where each core has a private cache for performance
* Modified/Shared/Invalid (MSI) Protocol, MESI: An Enhanced MSI protocol to increased performance for private read-write data
- [Modern Processor Architecture](https://6004.mit.edu/web/_static/fall19/resources/lectures/L23.pdf) / [video](https://youtu.be/sbGtFtxqkkg)
* Week16 (Dec 22): Review and Branch Prediction
- video: [The Future of Operating Systems on RISC-V](https://youtu.be/emnN9p4vhzk) / [transcript](https://www.infoq.com/presentations/risc-v-future/)
- [Introduction to Dynamic Branch Prediction](https://youtu.be/PFmx2p6NA0A), [Advanced Branch Prediction](https://youtu.be/avp3bDqCXYM), [Tournament Predictors and Branch Prediction Accuracy](https://youtu.be/-T8yDJ8vTuI), [Hardware Based Speculation](https://youtu.be/mFtX28lH4O8)
- [quiz](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/Sya-GLW18)
- [Table for Term Project](https://hackmd.io/YNOELNJ_RyCMHs81uMz6xA)
* Week17 (Dec 29): Term Project Review
- [Datacenters & Cloud Computing](https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1IOvNP6d7-Ja-QKRR6l1yYxsQbNCUBzk8)
* video: [Inside a Google data center](https://youtu.be/XZmGGAbHqa0), [Inside Facebook's Oregon data center](https://youtu.be/4A_A-CmrqpQ)
- [Term Project Table](https://hackmd.io/@wsp50317/H1Qa8hVk8)
